Updated from time to time: COVID-19 Related Section Summary

Series ◎ Emerging Infectious Diseases

I made a list so that you can read all the papers introduced in Nikkei Medical Online. We will continue to update as new articles are added. Items marked with ● are links to papers in Japanese, and items marked with ■ are links to papers in English.

● BNT162b2 booster vaccination reduces infection, severity, and death NEJM (December 8, 2021) Original title “Protection against Covid-19 by BNT162b2 Booster across Age Groups” ● 7 types of vaccines in the 3rd dose Lancet (December 2, 2021) "Safety and immunogenicity of seven COVID-19 vaccines as a third dose (booster) following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 or BNT162b2 in the UK (COV-BOOST): a blinded, multicentre, randomized, controlled, phase 2 trial” Lenzilumab improves survival in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia Lancet Respiratory Medicine (December 1, 2021) Original title “Lenzilumab in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia (LIVE- AIR): a phase 3, randomized, placebo-controlled trial” Research to explore ways to safely hold large-scale indoor events Lancet Infectious Disease (November 26, 2021) Original title “Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 transmission during a large, live, indoor gathering (SPRING): a non-inferiority, randomized, controlled trial” NEJM (November 24, 2021) Original title “Severity of SARS”, those reinfected with SARS-CoV-2 have a low risk of severe disease -CoV-2 Reinfections as Compared with Primary Infections” COVID-19 and influenza vaccines can be administered simultaneously Lancet (November 11, 2021) Original title “Safety and immunogenicity of concomitant administration of COVID-19 vaccines (ChAdOx1 or BNT162b2)” with seasonal influenza vaccines in adults in the UK (ComFluCOV): a multicentre, randomized, controlled, phase 4 trial” Sleep-related hypoxemia is a risk factor for severe COVID-19 JAMA Network Open (November 10, 2021) ) Original title “Association of Sleep-Related Hypoxia With Risk of COVID-19 Hospitalizations and Mortality in a Large Integrated Health System” BNT162b2 vaccine clinical trial NEJM for children aged 5 to 11 (November 9, 2021) Original title “Evaluation of the BNT162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine in Children 5 to 11 Years of Age” Is long-term subjective symptoms really associated with COVID-19? JAMA Intern Med (November 8, 2021) Original title “Association of Self-reported COVID-19 Infection and SARS-CoV-2 Serology Test Results With Persistent Physical Symptoms Among French Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic” VOI Mu strain is highly resistant to neutralizing antibodies NEJM (November 3, 2021) Original title "Neutralization of the SARS-CoV-2 Mu Variant by Convalescent and Vaccine Serum" Examining the effect of the third dose of BNT162b2 vaccine in Israel Lancet ( October 29, 2021) Original title “Effectiveness of a third dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine for preventing severe outcomes in Israel: an observational study” Sotrovimab reduces hospitalization and death in COVID-19 patients NEJM (October 2021 March 27) Original title “Early Treatment for Covid-19 with SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody Sotrovimab” SARS-CoV-2 infection is likely to be seasonal Nature Computational Science (October 21, 2021) Original title "Climatic signatures in the different COVID-19 pandemic waves across both hemispheres" Analysis of adverse events in approximately 6.2 million SARS-CoV-2 vaccinees in the United States JAMA (October 12, 2021) Original title "Surveillance for Adverse Events" After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination” The more immune families there are, the lower the risk of infection in the home JAMA Intern Med (October 11, 2021) Original title “Association Between Risk of COVID-19 Infection in Nonimmune Individuals and COVID- 19 Immunity in Their Family Members” NEJM (October 6, 2021) original title “Waning of BNT162b2 Vaccine Protection against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Qatar” ● Tracking the effectiveness of vaccine recipients to September 5 in Qatar ● Neutralizing titer of novel coronavirus vaccine tends to decrease in elderly, male, and immunosuppressed people NEJM (October 6, 2021) Original title "Waning Immune Humoral Response to BNT162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine over 6 Months" COVID -British Journal of Dermatology (October 5, 2021) “Type I interferon response and vascular alteration in chilblain-like lesions during the COVID-19 outbreak”● Lancet (October 4, 2021) Effectiveness of mRNA BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine up to 6 months in a large integrated health system in the USA: a retrospective cohort study” BMJ (September 23, 2021) Original title “Antibody and cellular therapies for treatment of covid-19: a living systematic review and network meta-analysis” Pandemic cancer JAMA Network Open (September 21, 2021) Original title "Gastrointestinal Cancer Stage at Diagnosis Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan" Anaphylaxis after mRNA vaccination is not mediated by IgE antibodies JAMA Network Open (September 17, 2021) Original title “Assessment of Allergic and Anaphylactic Reactions to mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines With Confirmatory Testing in a US Regional Health System” High risk of hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 infection after vaccination what kind of person is BMJ (September 17, 2021) Original title "Risk prediction of covid-19 related death and hospital admission in adults after covid-19 vaccination: national prospective cohort study" Israeli study NEJM (3rd dose of BNT162b2 vaccine) ( September 15, 2021) Original title: "Protection of BNT162b2 Vaccine Booster against Covid-19 in Israel" BNT162b2 reduced IgG antibody titer to 7% of peak 6 months after vaccination Lancet Regional Health-Europe (September 2021) 6th) Original title "Dynamics of antibody response to BNT162b2 vaccine after six months: a longitudinal prospective study" AZD1222 seems to be expected to have a booster effect with the third vaccination Lancet (September 1, 2021) Original title "Reactogenicity and immunogenicity after a late second dose or a third dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in the UK: a substudy of two randomized controlled trials (COV001 and COV002)” Antibody cocktail therapy reduces hospitalization for COVID-19 patients EClinicalMedicine (August 30, 2021) Japan) Original title “Casirivimab-Imdevimab treatment is associated with reduced rates of hospitalization among high-risk patients with mild to moderate coronavirus disease-19” Lancet (August 28, 2021) Japan) Original title “1-year outcomes in hospital survivors with COVID-19: a longitudinal cohort study” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (August 27, 2021) Original title: Vaccine reduced infection and hospitalization even during delta epidemic “SARS-CoV-2 Infections and Hospitalizations Among Persons Aged ≥16 Years,by Vaccination Status - Los Angeles County, California, May 1-July 25, 2021” Decreased crowd flow is associated with decreased incidence of COVID-19 in the following weeks Lancet Digital Health (August 26, 2021) Original title “The effect of population mobility on COVID-19 incidence in 314 Latin American cities: a longitudinal ecological study with mobile phone location data”. March 25) Original title "Pooled RT-qPCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in schools - a cluster randomized trial" Is it recommended to put COVID-19 patients in the prone position when they are awake? Lancet Respiratory Medicine (August 20, 2021) Original title "Awake prone positioning for COVID-19 acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure: a randomized, controlled, multinational, open-label meta-trial" BNT162b2 vaccine-vaccinated SARS survivors excelled Antibody acquisition NEJM (August 18, 2021) Original title "Pan-Sarbecovirus Neutralizing Antibodies in BNT162b2-Immunized SARS-CoV-1 Survivors" Early administration of convalescent plasma cannot suppress progression of COVID-19 NEJM ( August 18, 2021) Original title “Early Convalescent Plasma for High-Risk Outpatients with Covid-19” Moderna’s vaccine is promising for 12-17 year olds NEJM (August 11, 2021) Original title “Evaluation of mRNA- 1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Adolescents” BMJ Global Health (August 9, 2021) “We should not dismiss the possibility of eradicating COVID-19: comparisons with smallpox and polio” ●Is the preventive effect of mRNA vaccine against delta strain low? medRxiv (August 9, 2021) Original title "Comparison of two highly-effective mRNA vaccines for COVID-19 during periods of Alpha and Delta variant prevalence" QTc prolongation may predict the severity of COVID-19 EClinical Medicine (2021 August 6, 2021) Original title "Electrocardiographic manifestations of COVID-19: Effect on cardiac activation and repolarization" Antibody cocktails prevent domestic infections of SARS-CoV-2 NEJM (August 4, 2021) Original title "Subcutaneous REGEN-COV Antibody Combination to Prevent Covid-19” ●Who does not want/has to get the COVID-19 vaccine? Lancet Regional Health Western Pacific (July 31, 2021) Original title “Reasons for being unsure or unwilling regarding intention to take COVID-19 vaccine among Japanese people: A large cross-sectional national survey” Lockdown affects dementia patients EClinicalMedicine (July 31, 2021) Original title "The effect of COVID-19 isolation measures on the cognition and mental health of people living with dementia: A rapid systematic review of one year of quantitative evidence" EClinicalMedicine (July 31, 2021) Original title "Effect of co-infection with intestinal parasites on COVID-19 severity: A prospective observational cohort study" For acute gastrointestinal bleeding under pandemic is useful for capsule endoscopy JAMA Network Open (July 30, 2021) Original title “Assessment of Video Capsule Endoscopy in the Management of Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding During the COVID-19 Pandemic” High risk of death JAMA Psychiatry (July 28, 2021) Original title "Association Between Mood Disorders and Risk of COVID-19 Infection, Hospitalization, and Death A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis" Chinese vaccine Ad5-nCoV nebulized Lancet Infectious Disease (July 26, 2021) Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of an aerosolised adenovirus type-5 vector-based COVID-19 vaccine (Ad5-nCoV) in adults: preliminary report of an open-label and randomized phase 1 clinical trial” Lancet Regional Health Americas (July 25, 2021) Original title “Effectiveness of CoronaVac among healthcare workers in the setting of high SARS- CoV-2 Gamma variant transmission in Manaus, Brazil: A test-negative case-control study” EBioMedicine (July 22, 2021) Original Title “Humoral Immunity” to SARS-CoV-2 and seasonal coronaviruses in children and adults in north-eastern France” The symptoms most strongly associated with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test are olfactory and taste disorders Lancet Digital Health (July 22, 2021) Original title “ Anosmia, ageusia, and other COVID-19-like symptoms in association with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test, across six national digital surveillance platforms: an observational study” Severity-dependent cognitive decline in COVID-19 recovered patients EClinicalMedicine (July 22, 2021) Original title "Cognitive deficits in people who have recovered from COVID-19" The strategy to increase the number of people who have completed two doses of the vaccine is also effective for the delta strain NEJM (July 21, 2021 ) Original title "Effectiveness of Covid-19 Vaccines against the B.1.617.2 (Delta) Variant” Vaccination against COVID-19 among elderly people reduced the number of deaths in Brazil EClinical Medicine (July 15, 2021) Original title “Estimating the early impact of vaccination against COVID-19 on deaths among elderly people in Brazil: Analyzes of routinely-collected data on vaccine coverage and mortality” Patients with learning disabilities are at increased risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization and mortality BMJ (15 July 2021) Original title “Risks of covid-19 hospital admission and mortality” death for people with learning disability: population based cohort study using the OpenSAFELY platform” Combined antibody treatment suppresses the severity of COVID-19 patients NEJM (July 14, 2021) Original title “Bamlanivimab plus Etesevimab in Mild or Moderate Covid- 19” ● What is the national vaccine coverage rate to eliminate behavioral restrictions? EClinicalMedicine (July 14, 2021) "A modeling study investigating short and medium-term challenges for COVID-19 vaccination: From prioritization to the relaxation of measures" Antibody treatment for immunocompromised COVID-19 patients induces mutations Lancet Regional Health Europe (July 14, 2021) "Emergence of the E484K mutation in SARS-COV-2-infected immunocompromised patients treated with bamlanivimab in Germany" Antibody binding in vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopenia Nature (July 7, 2021) Original title "Antibody epitopes in vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia" IL-6 inhibitor reduces 28-day mortality in COVID-19 hospitalized patients JAMA (July 6, 2021) Japan) Original title "Association Between Administration of IL-6 Antagonists and Mortality Among Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 A Meta-analysis" Novavax's vaccine NVX-CoV2373 efficacy is 89.7% NEJM (June 30, 2021) Original title "Safety and Efficacy of NVX-CoV2373 Covid-19 Vaccine" Do Tenofovir and Emtricitabine Suppress Viral Multiplication in COVID-19 Patients? EClinicalMedicine (June 26, 2021) Original title: Effect of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Emtricitabine on nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 viral load burden among outpatients with COVID-19: A pilot, randomized, open-label phase 2 trial Can it be used as a COVID-19 drug? EClinicalMedicine (June 26, 2021) Original title "Nitazoxanide superiority to placebo to treat moderate COVID-19 - A Pilot prove of concept randomized double-blind clinical trial" Most of the olfactory impairment associated with COVID-19 has recovered after one year JAMA Network Open (June 24, 2021) Original title "Clinical Outcomes for Patients With Anosmia 1 Year After COVID-19 Diagnosis" NEJM, which reduces the risk of domestic infection by half after receiving the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (June 2021) 23rd) Original title “Effect of Vaccination on Household Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in England” Simulation of COVID-19 countermeasures for overseas travelers Lancet Regional Health (June 20, 2021) Original title “The differential importation risks of COVID-19 from inbound travelers and the feasibility of targeted travel controls: A case study in Hong Kong” Telmisartan may suppress inflammation in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 EClinicalMedicine (June 18, 2021) Original title “Telmisartan for treatment” of Covid-19 patients: An open multicenter randomized clinical trial” Tofacitinib reduces the risk of respiratory failure in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia NEJM (June 16, 2021) Original title “Tofacitinib in Patients Hospitalized with Covid-19 Pneumonia” Whole body Is Capillary Leak Syndrome an Adverse Event of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine? Ann Intern Med (June 15, 2021) Original title "Severe Exacerbations of Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome After COVID-19 Vaccination: A Case Series" Background incidence of adverse events varies greatly among countries BMJ (June 14, 2021) Japan) Original title "Characterizing the background incidence rates of adverse events of special interest for covid-19 vaccines in eight countries: multinational network cohort study" Lancet (June 14, 2021) Original title "SARS" -CoV-2 Delta VOC in Scotland: demographics, risk of hospital admission, and vaccine effectiveness" FDG-PET detects ipsilateral axillary lymphadenopathy after mRNA vaccination JAMA Oncology (June 10, 2021) Original title " Association of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine With Ipsilateral Axillary Lymph Node Reactivity on Imaging” Many COVID-19 death patients have skeletal muscle inflammation JAMA Neurology (June 11, 2021) Original title “Association Between SARS-CoV-2 Infection” and Immune-Mediated Myopathy in Patients Who Have Died" SARS-CoV-2 case report of VITT after vaccination NEJM (June 9, 2021) Original title "Adjunct Immune Globulin for Vaccine- Induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia" COVID- 19Hospitalization of pediatric patients and risk factors for aggravation JAMA Network Open (June 7, 2021) Original title "Underlying Medical Conditions Associated With Severe COVID-19 Illness Among Children" SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies in nursing homes JAMA to Reduce COVID-19 in Persons and Staff (June 3, 2021) Original title "Effect of Bamlanivimab vs Placebo on Incidence of COVID-19 Among Residents and Staff of Skilled Nursing and Assisted Living Facilities A Randomized Clinical Trial" SARS- JAMA Network Open (June 1, 2021) Original title "Association of Simulated COVID-19 Vaccination and Nonpharmaceutical Interventions With Infections, Hospitalizations, and Mortality" Brazil's medical care CDC EID Journal June issue “Respiratory Viral Shedding in Healthcare Workers Reinfected with SARS-CoV-2, Brazil, 2020” SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough in the United States Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (May 28, 2021) Original title “COVID-19 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections Reported to CDC - United States, January 1-April 30, 2021” Partitions to prevent droplet infection reduce the risk of infection May increase medRxiv (May 27, 2021) Original title "Experimental investigation to verify if excessive plastic sheeting shielding produce micro clusters of SARS-CoV-2" Pfizer's vaccine BNT162b2 is also effective for 12-15 year olds NEJM (2021 May 27, 2019) Original title “Safety, Immunogenicity,and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine in Adolescents” China’s inactivated vaccine is more than 70% effective in preventing the onset of COVID-19 JAMA (May 26, 2021) Original title “Effect of 2 Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines” on Symptomatic COVID-19 Infection in Adults A Randomized Clinical Trial” Low testosterone levels are associated with severe disease in male COVID-19 patients JAMA Network Open (May 25, 2021) Original title “Association of Circulating Sex Hormones With Inflammation and Disease Severity in Patients With COVID-19” Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Occurs in Adults JAMA Network Open (May 19, 2021) Original Title “Characteristics Associated With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Among Adults With SARS-CoV-2 Infection” BMJ (May 13, 2021) Original title "Effectiveness of the Pfizer-BioNTech and Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccines on covid-19 related symptoms, hospital admissions, and mortality in" older adults in England: test negative case-control study” BMJ (May 12, 2021) Original title “Public health impact of delaying” second dose of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 covid-19 vaccine: simulation agent based modeling study" AstraZeneca's corona vaccine has a small risk of thrombosis after vaccination compared to the benefit BMJ (May 5, 2021) Original title "Arterial events, venous thromboembolism, thrombocytopenia, and bleeding after vaccination with Oxford-AstraZeneca ChAdOx1-S in Denmark and Norway: population-based cohort study” What is the respiratory function of patients discharged from COVID-19 one year later? Lancet Respratory Medicine (May 5, 2021) Original title "3-month, 6-month, 9-month, and 12-month respiratory outcomes in patients following COVID-19-related hospitalization: a prospective study" Novavax vaccine NEJM (May 5, 2021) ``Efficacy of NVX-CoV2373 Covid-19 Vaccine against the B.1.351 Variant'' SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is promising for cancer patients as early as 2 Lancet Oncology should be vaccinated (April 27, 2021) Original title "Safety and immunogenicity of one versus two doses of the COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b2 for patients with cancer: interim analysis of a prospective observational study" First dose of vaccine in Scotland Hospitalizations due to COVID-19 significantly reduced after Lancet (April 23, 2021) "Interim findings from first-dose mass COVID-19 vaccination roll-out and COVID-19 hospital admissions in Scotland: a national prospective cohort study" ● COVID-19 during pregnancy has various adverse effects JAMA Pediatrics (April 22, 2021) Original title "Maternal and Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality Among Pregnant Women With and Without COVID-19 Infection　The INTERCOVID Multinational Cohort Study" ●No Even with symptomatic infection, the risk of cerebral infarction during recovery from COVID-19 is high JAMA Network Open (April 22, 2021) Original title "Acute Ischemic Stroke During the Convalescent Phase of Asymptomatic COVID-2019 Infection in Men" 2 cases with 19 NEJM (April 21, 2021) Original title "Vaccine Breakthrough Infections with SARS-CoV-2 Variants" Ad26.COV2.S is more than 60% preventive with a single dose March 21) Original title “Safety and Efficacy of Single-Dose Ad26.COV2.S Vaccine against Covid-19” Lancet Respiratory Medicine (April 15, 2021) Original title “ SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and subsequent infection risk in healthy young adults: a prospective cohort study" Lancet (April 9, 2021) Original title "SARS-CoV- 2 infection rates of antibody-positive compared with antibody-negative health-care workers in England: a large, multicentre, prospective cohort study (SIREN)” Is heparin-induced thrombocytopenia post-vaccination thrombosis? NEJM (2021) April 9, 2021) Original title “Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia after ChAdOx1 nCov-19 Vaccination” Lancet Psychiatry (April 6, 2021) Original title “6-month neurological and psychiatric outcomes” in 236379 survivors of COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study using electronic health records" COVID-19 vaccination priority model JAMA Network Open (April 6, 2021) Original title "Development of COVIDVax Model to Estimate the Risk of SARS" -CoV-2 Related Death Among 7.6 Million US Veterans for Use in Vaccination Prioritization” JAMA Network Open (April 5, 2021) Original title “Association of Sociodemographic Factors and Blood Group” Type With Risk of COVID-19 in a US Population” Does ACEI/ARB use affect COVID-19 patients? JAMA Network Open (March 31, 2021) Original title “Inhibitors and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With COVID- 19　A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis" The risk of various diseases increases after the onset of COVID19 BMJ (March 31, 2021) Original title "Post-covid syndrome in individuals admitted to hospital with covid-19: retrospective cohort study Effect of the new corona vaccine confirmed by medical workers NEJM (March 23, 2021) Original title "SARS-CoV-2 Infection after Vaccination in Health Care Workers in California" "Early Evidence of the Effect of SARS-CoV- 2 Vaccine at One Medical Center" "BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine Effectiveness among Health Care Workers" ●Is there a high risk of COVID-19 infection in households with children? BMJ (March 18, 2021) Original title "Association between living with children and outcomes from covid-19: OpenSAFELY cohort study of 12 million adults in England" Is aspirin helpful for COVID-19 hospitalized patients? Anesthesia and Analgesia (March 17, 2021) Original title "Aspirin Use Is Associated With Decreased Mechanical Ventilation, Intensive Care Unit Admission, and In-Hospital Mortality in Hospitalized Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019" SARS-CoV-2 for those already infected prevent re-infection? Lancet (March 17, 2021) Original title "Assessment of protection against reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 among 4 million PCR-tested individuals in Denmark in 2020: a population-level observational study" AZ's vaccine is a mutation in South Africa Low expectations for stocks NEJM (March 16, 2021) Original title "Efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Covid-19 Vaccine against the B.1.351 Variant” Antibodies that may be effective against mutant strains are under development bioRxiv (March 10, 2021) Original title “The dual function monoclonal antibodies VIR-7831 and VIR-7832 demonstrate potent in vitro and in vivo activity against SARS-CoV-2" UK novel coronavirus variant has 1.64 times higher mortality risk than conventional strain BMJ (March 10, 2021) Original title "Risk of mortality in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern 202012/ 1: matched cohort study” Lancet Infectious Disease, which summarizes the interim analysis of the phase 2 trial of the novel coronavirus vaccine in India (March 8, 2021) Original title “Safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, BBV152: interim results from a double-blind, randomised, multicentre, phase 2 trial, and 3-month follow-up of a double-blind, randomised phase 1 trial” What is the impact of asthma on COVID-19 hospitalized patients? Lancet Respiratory Medicine (March 4, 2021) Original title "Risk of adverse outcomes in patients with underlying respiratory conditions admitted to hospital with COVID-19: a national, multicentre prospective cohort study using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterization Protocol UK" COVID- Ivermectin administration to 19 patients showed no effect JAMA (March 4, 2021) Original title “Effect of Ivermectin on Time to Resolution of Symptoms Among Adults With Mild COVID-19 A Randomized Clinical Trial” COVID-19 ICU hospitalization risk PNAS finds haplotypes associated with decline (March 2, 2021) Original title "A genomic region associated with protection against severe COVID-19 is inherited from Neandertals" Did Pfizer's vaccine prevent COVID-19 in Israel? NEJM (February 24, 2021) Original title "BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine in a Nationwide Mass Vaccination Setting" Lancet Infectious Disease classifying COVID-19 hospitalized patients and predicting mortality rate (February 23, 2021) Original title "Identification and validation of clinical phenotypes with prognostic implications in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19: a multicentre cohort study" Change in pattern of trauma hospitalized patients due to restrictions on going out due to COVID-19 JAMA Network Open (February 22, 2021) ) Original title “Trends in Trauma Admissions During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Los Angeles County, California” BMJ (February 21, 2021) Original title “Early initiation of prophylactic anticoagulation for prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 mortality in patients admitted to hospital in the United States: cohort study” Is AZ vaccine optimal for two doses at 12-week intervals? Lancet (February 19, 2021) Original title "Single Dose Administration, And The Influence Of The Timing Of The Booster Dose On Immunogenicity and Efficacy Of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) Vaccine" Approximately 30% of patients recover from COVID-19 develops PTSD JAMA Psychiatry (February 18, 2021) Original title "Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Patients After Severe COVID-19 Infection" NEJM has low neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants (February 17, 2021) ) Original title "Serum Neutralizing Activity Elicited by mRNA-1273 Vaccine - Preliminary Report" "Neutralizing Activity of BNT162b2-Elicited Serum - Preliminary Report" Ann Intern Med (February 2021) Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 clusters in acute care hospitals 9th) Original title “A SARS-CoV-2 Cluster in an Acute Care Hospital” Phase 3 study of Russian-made COVID-19 vaccine Lancet (February 2, 2021) Original title “Safety and efficacy of an rAd26 and rAd5 vector- based heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine: an interim analysis of a randomized controlled phase 3 trial in Russia” Suicide rate will increase in Japan in 2020 JAMA Network Open (February 2, 2021) Original title “Assessment of Suicide in Japan During the COVID-19 Pandemic vs Previous Years” MedRxiv (February 1, 2021) Original title “Robust spike antibody responses and increased reactogenicity in seropositive individuals after a single dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine” Rapid increase in COVID-19 hospitalized patients in Manaus, Brazil, where the antibody-positive rate is high Lancet (January 27, 2021) Original title “Resurgence of COVID-19 in Manaus, Brazil, despite Ann Intern Med (January 26, 2021) Original title "Thrombosis, Bleeding, and the Observational Effect of Early Therapeutic 21 on Survival in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19” British Society Recommends SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination for IBD Patients Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology (January 25, 2021) Original title “SARS-CoV-2 vaccination for patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a British Society of Gastroenterology Inflammatory Bowel Disease section and IBD Clinical Research Group position statement” Lancet Oncology (January 22, 2021) Original title “The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on radiotherapy services in England, UK: a population-based study” ●Beware of eye injuries caused by alcohol hand sanitizer! JAMA Ophthalmology (January 21, 2021) Original title "Pediatric Eye Injuries by Hydroalcoholic Gel in the Context of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic" SARS-CoV-2 significantly decreased in combination with two types of antibodies JAMA (January 2021 21st) Original title "Effect of Bamlanivimab as Monotherapy or in Combination With Etesevimab on Viral Load in Patients With Mild to Moderate COVID-19 A Randomized Clinical Trial" Janssen's vaccine Ad26.COV2.S clinical trial NEJM (January 2021 March 13) Original title "Interim Results of a Phase 1-2a Trial of Ad26.COV2.S Covid-19 Vaccine" BMJ Case Rep (January 7, 2021) in which a patient who visited an emergency department with abdominal pain had COVID-19 ) Original title “COVID-19 as the cause of thrombosis: recognizing COVID-19 infection in apparently asymptomatic patients” Early administration of convalescent plasma suppresses the severity of COVID-19 NEJM (January 6, 2021) Original title “Early High -Titer Plasma Therapy to Prevent Severe Covid-19 in Older Adults” SARS-CoV-2 Mutant Review: Vaccine Effective? JAMA (January 6, 2021) Original title “Genetic Variants of SARS-CoV-2 What Do They Mean?” Profiles of 21 people who developed anaphylaxis from the COVID-19 vaccine MMWR Early Release (January 6, 2021) Original title "Allergic Reactions Including Anaphylaxis After Receipt of the First Dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine － United States, December 14-23,

●What is the mechanism of anaphylaxis caused by the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine? NEJM (December 30, 2020) Original title: “Maintaining Safety with SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines” JAMA Cardiology (December 29, 2020) Original title: “Assessment of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in the mechanism of myocardial infarction in COVID-19 patients” Coronary Thrombus of a Case Series of Patients With COVID-19 and Myocardial Infarction” US DNA vaccine INO-4800 phase 1 study EClinicalMedicine (December 24, 2020) Original title “Safety and immunogenicity of INO-4800 DNA vaccine against SARS” -CoV-2: A preliminary report of an open-label, Phase 1 clinical trial” SARS-CoV-2 antibody carriers have a low risk of reinfection NEJM (December 23, 2020) Original title “Antibody Status and Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Health Care Workers” How far has SARS-CoV-2 spread in hospitals? JAMA Network Open (December 23, 2020) Original title "Assessment of Air Contamination by SARS-CoV-2 in Hospital Settings" SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Cocktail Phase 1-2 Study NEJM (December 18, 2020) Original title “REGN-COV2, a Neutralizing Antibody Cocktail, in Outpatients with Covid-19” Lancet Child & Adolescent Health (December 15, 2020) Original title “Neuroimaging manifestations” in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a multinational, multicentre collaborative study" Estimating the risk of secondary SARS-CoV-2 infection in the home JAMA Network Open (December 14, 2020) Original title "Household Transmission of SARS- CoV-2　A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis" Baricitinib promotes recovery of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 NEJM (December 11, 2020) Original title "Baricitinib plus Remdesivir for Hospitalized Adults with Covid-19" US COVID- Analysis of characteristics of 65,000 19 patients JAMA Network Open (December 10, 2020) Original title “Risk Factors Associated With In-Hospital Mortality in a US National Sample of Patients With COVID-19” Severity of COVID-19 patients A model to predict exacerbation PLOS ONE (December 9, 2020) Original title "Development and external validation of a prognostic tool for COVID-19 critical disease" Interim analysis of AZ's COVID-19 vaccine clinical trial Lancet (2020 December 8) Original title “Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomized controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK” Different severity COVID-19 cases in identical twins Ann Intern Med (December 8, 2020) Original title “Simultaneous COVID-19 in Homozygous Twins” Does metformin reduce mortality in female COVID-19 patients? Lancet Healthy Longevity (December 3, 2020) Original title "Metformin and risk of mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort analysis" WHO interim analysis paper NEJM (December 2, 2020) ) Original title “Repurposed Antiviral Drugs for Covid-19 ― Interim WHO Solidarity Trial Results” NEJM (November 24, 2020) Original title “A Randomized Trial of Convalescent Plasma in Covid Ann Intern Med (November 24, 2020) Original title “Association Between ABO and Rh Blood Groups and SARS-CoV-2 Infection or Severe” COVID-19 Illness FREE A Population-Based Cohort Study” ●Does SARS-CoV-2 persist for 9 days after onset? Lancet Microbe (November 19, 2020) Original title "SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV viral load dynamics, duration of viral shedding, and infectiousness: a systematic review and meta-analysis" COVID in the elderly -19 How often does delirium occur in patients? JAMA Network Open (November 19, 2020) Original title "Delirium in Older Patients With COVID-19 Presenting to the Emergency Department" Lancet Respiratory Medicine, a clinical trial using inhaled IFNβ-1a in COVID-19 patients (November 12, 2020) Japan) Original title “Safety and efficacy of inhaled nebulised interferon beta-1a (SNG001) for treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial” Fluvoxamine for COVID-19 patients does it help? JAMA (November 12, 2020) Original title "Fluvoxamine vs Placebo and Clinical Deterioration in Outpatients With Symptomatic COVID-19 A Randomized Clinical Trial" ● Bidirectional relationship between mental illness and COVID-19? Lancet Psychiatry (November 9, 2020) Original title "Bidirectional associations between COVID-19 and psychiatric disorder: retrospective cohort studies of 62354 COVID-19 cases in the USA" Characteristics of people who maintain SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers teeth? Cell (November 3, 2020) Original title "Quick COVID-19 Healers Sustain Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Production" Age distribution has a large effect on the difference in COVID-19 mortality Ann Intern Med (November 2020 3rd) Original title "The Contribution of the Age Distribution of Cases to COVID-19 Case Fatality Across Countries A Nine-Country Demographic Study" Using wearable devices to predict COVID-19 Nature Medicine (October 29, 2020) Original title " Wearable sensor data and self-reported symptoms for COVID-19 detection” Phase 2 study of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody LY-CoV555 NEJM (October 28, 2020) Original title “SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody LY- CoV555 in Outpatients with Covid-19 JAMA Network Open (October 26, 2020) Original Title: Levels of Severity of Depressive Symptoms Among At-Risk Groups in the UK During the COVID-19 Epidemic COVID-19 Pandemic” ● COVID-19 Countermeasures and Mental Health Survey of University Students JAMA Network Open (October 23, 2020) Original title “Factors Associated With Mental Health Disorders Among University Students in France Confined During the COVID-19 Pandemic” ● SARS - What policies are effective in containing CoV-2 transmission? Lancet Infectious Disease (October 22, 2020) Original title "The temporal association of introducing and lifting non-pharmaceutical interventions with the time-varying reproduction number (R) of SARS-CoV-2: a modeling study across 131 countries" COVID -19 Convalescent plasma in the management of moderate covid-19 in adults in India: open label phase II multicentre randomized controlled trial (PLACID Trial) BMJ (October 22, 2020) )” Anticoagulation reduces mortality in COVID-19 patients American College of Cardiology (October 20, 2020) Original title “Anticoagulation, Bleeding, Mortality,and Pathology in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19” Is the cat a model animal for the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine? PNAS (October 20, 2020) Original title "Experimental infection of domestic dogs and cats with SARS-CoV-2: Pathogenesis, transmission, and response to reexposure in cats" Lancet Infectious clinical trial of Chinese inactivated vaccine BBIBP-CorV Disease (October 15, 2020) Original title "Safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, BBIBP-CorV: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2 trial" SARS- Genetic analysis of CoV-2 reinfected patients Lancet Infectious Disease (October 12, 2020) Original title “Genomic evidence for reinfection with SARS-CoV-2: a case study” Remdesivir promotes recovery from COVID-19 NEJM (October 9, 2020) Original title "Remdesivir for the Treatment of Covid-19 - Final Report" Enoxaparin reduces mortality in COVID-19 patients EClinicalMedicine (October 1, 2020) Original title "Thromboprophylaxis with enoxaparin is associated" with a lower death rate in patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection. arrest in critically ill patients with covid-19: multicenter cohort study” Mortality in COVID-19 patients treated with ECMO is less than 40% Lancet (September 25, 2020) Original title “Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in COVID-19: an international cohort study of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry”● A case report of administration of recombinant ACE2 to COVID-19 patients Lancet Respiratory Medicine (September 24, 2020) Original title “Human recombinant soluble ACE2 in severe COVID-19”● Inhaled corticosteroids do not reduce the risk of COVID-19 death Lancet Respiratory Medicine (September 24, 2020) "Risk of COVID-19-related death among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma prescribed inhaled corticosteroids: an observational cohort study using the OpenSAFELY platform” Ann Intern Med (September 17, 2020) Original title “Transmission of SARS-CoV-2: A Review of Viral, Host, and Environmental Factors” ●Is 15-second irrigation of the povidone-iodine solution effective in the nasal cavity? JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg (September 17, 2020) Original title "In Vitro Efficacy of a Povidone-Iodine Nasal Antiseptic for Rapid Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2" BMJ score predicting mortality risk of COVID-19 patients (2020) September 9, 2019) Original title “Risk stratification of patients admitted to hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterization Protocol: development and validation of the 4C Mortality Score” When should COVID-19 patients be PCR negative? BMJ Open (September 2, 2020) Original title "Temporal profile and determinants of viral shedding and of viral clearance confirmation on nasopharyngeal swabs from SARS-CoV-2-positive subjects: a population-based prospective cohort study in Reggio Emilia, Italy" ● COVID-19 triples the risk of depression in the US JAMA Network Open (September 2, 2020) Original title “Prevalence of Depression Symptoms in US Adults Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic” ● Novavax's COVID-19 vaccine Phase 1 study NEJM (September 2, 2020) Original title "Phase 1-2 Trial of a SARS-CoV-2 Recombinant Spike Protein Nanoparticle Vaccine" Steroids reduce mortality in severe COVID-19 patients JAMA (2020 September 2) Original title "Association Between Administration of Systemic Corticosteroids and Mortality Among Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 A Meta-analysis" ● Estimated SARS-CoV-2 infection rate in Iceland is 0.9% NEJM (September 1, 2020)英）Original title ``Humoral Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 in Iceland'' ●Is ARDS in COVID-19 patients different from conventional patients? Lancet (August 27, 2020) Original title "Pathophysiology of COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome: a multicentre prospective observational study" Journal of Pediatrics (2020) Even asymptomatic children can be the source of COVID-19 August 19) Original title "Pediatric SARS-CoV-2: Clinical Presentation, Infectivity,and Immune Responses” Comparison of wild type SARS-CoV-2 strain and nucleotide deletion strain Lancet (August 18, 2020) Original title “Effects of a major deletion in the SARS-CoV-2 genome on the severity of infection and the inflammatory” response: an observational cohort study” Interim Analysis of Chinese SARS-CoV-2 Inactivated Vaccine JAMA (August 13, 2020) Original title “Effect of an Inactivated Vaccine Against SARS-CoV-2 on Safety and Immunogenicity Outcomes Interim Analysis” of 2 Randomized Clinical Trials” Can statins help treat COVID-19? American Journal of Cardiology (August 12, 2020) Original title "Meta-analysis of Effect of Stains in Patients with COVID-19" NEJM (August 7, 2020) Original title "New Zealand's COVID-19 measures succeeded" Successful Elimination of Covid-19 Transmission in New Zealand" SARS-CoV-2 viral load is associated with patient mortality Lancet Respiratory Medicine (August 6, 2020) Original title "SARS-CoV-2 viral load predicts COVID-19" Mortality” ● Does viral infection of the common cold affect COVID-19? Science (August 4, 2020) Original title "Selective and cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes in unexposed humans" COVID-19 burnout prevalence survey of medical staff JAMA Network Open (August 2020) 4th) Original title "Prevalence of Health Care Worker Burnout During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic in Japan" School closures in the United States helped combat COVID-19 JAMA (July 29, 2020) Original title "Association Between Statewide School Closure and COVID-19 Incidence and Mortality in the US” Obesity under the age of 65 is a risk factor for COVID-19 patientsAnn Intern Med (July 29, 2020) Original title “Body Mass Index and Risk for Intubation or Death in SARS-CoV-2 Infection A Retrospective Cohort Study” COVID-19 epidemic reduced face-touching behavior JAMA Network Open (July 29, 2020) Original title “Comparison of Face-Touching Behaviors Before and During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic” JAMA Cardiology (July 27, 2020) Original title “Outcomes of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients Recently Recovered From Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) ● Do coronavirus antibodies cross-react? bioRxiv (July 23, 2020) Original title "Pre-existing and de novo humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in humans" Estimated number of infected people in the United States based on SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests JAMA Intern Medicine (2020 July 21) Original title "Seroprevalence of Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in 10 Sites in the United States, March 23-May 12, 2020" Phase 1/2 trial of COVID-19 vaccine in the UK Lancet (July 2020 March 20) Original title "Safety and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: a preliminary report of a phase 1/2, single-blind, randomized controlled trial" Phase of China's COVID-19 vaccine 2 Study Lancet (July 20, 2020) Original title: Immunogenicity and safety of a recombinant adenovirus type-5-vectored COVID-19 vaccine in healthy adults aged 18 years or older: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial” Dexamethasone reduces mortality in COVID-19 patients NEJM (July 17, 2020) Original title “Dexamethasone in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19 ― Preliminary Report” How effective is social distancing? BMJ (July 15, 2020) Original title "Physical distancing interventions and incidence of coronavirus disease 2019: natural experiment in 149 countries" Lancet Infectious Disease (July 14, 2020) ) Original title “Rapid implementation of SARS-CoV-2 sequencing to investigate cases of health-care associated COVID-19: a prospective genomic surveillance study” US vaccine candidate mRNA-1273 Phase 1 study NEJM (July 14, 2020) ) Original title “An mRNA Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 ― Preliminary Report” Many COVID-19 patients have persistent symptoms after discharge JAMA (July 9, 2020) Original title “Persistent Symptoms in Patients After Acute COVID-19” The SARS-CoV-2 antibody rate in Spain is about 5% Lancet (July 6, 2020) Original title "Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Spain (ENE-COVID): a nationwide, population-based seroepidemiological study" ●Overview of US vaccine development support project JAMA (July 6, 2020) Original title: Developing a SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine at Warp Speed ​​●1.6% of hospitalized COVID-19 patients have cerebral infarction JAMA Neurology (2020) July 2, 2020) Original title “Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vs Patients With Influenza” BMJ comparing the accuracy of SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests (July 1, 2020) Original title "Diagnostic accuracy of serological tests for covid-19: systematic review and meta-analysis" Lancet Psychiatry (June 25, 2020) Original title "Neurological and neuropsychiatric complications of COVID" -19 in 153 patients: a UK-wide surveillance study” Colchicine slows deterioration of COVID-19 patients? JAMA Network Open (June 24, 2020) Original title "Effect of Colchicine vs Standard Care on Cardiac and Inflammatory Biomarkers and Clinical Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized With Coronavirus Disease 2019 The GRECCO-19 Randomized Clinical Trial" Oxygen therapy in the prone position Lancet Respiratory Medicine (June 19, 2020) "Feasibility and physiological effects of prone positioning in non-intubated patients with acute respiratory failure due to COVID-19 (PRON-COVID): a prospective cohort" study” ● About half of COVID-19 patients experience taste and smell disorders JAMA Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (June 18, 2020) Original title “Prevalence of Taste and Smell Dysfunction in Coronavirus Disease 2019” ● COVID-19 patients Nature medicine (June 18, 2020) "Clinical and immunological assessment of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections" COVID-19 respiratory failure risk and blood type NEJM (2020 June 17, 2020) Original title “Genomewide Association Study of Severe Covid-19 with Respiratory Failure” Lancet Rheumatology (June 16, 2020) Original title “GM-CSF blockade with mavrilimumab” in severe COVID-19 pneumonia and systemic hyperinflammation: a single-centre,prospective cohort study” OXFORD University News Release (June 16, 2020) Original title “Dexamethasone reduces death in hospitalized patients with severe respiratory complications of COVID-19” ● SARS-19 in Switzerland CoV-2 antibody positive rate is about 10% Lancet (June 11, 2020) Original title "Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in Geneva, Switzerland (SEROCoV-POP): a population-based study" COVID -19 Attempt to build a PTSD evaluation index related to Int. J. Environ. Res. of PTSD Symptomatology” ●What makes SARS-CoV-2 different from ordinary coronaviruses? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (June 10, 2020) Original title "Genomic determinants of pathogenicity in SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronaviruses" Pregnant women hospitalized with COVID-19 in the UK BMJ (June 8, 2020) Original title "Characteristics and outcomes of pregnant women admitted to hospital with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in UK: national population based cohort study" COVID-19 children with systemic inflammation Patient case JAMA (June 8, 2020) Original title "Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Related to COVID-19 in Previously Healthy Children and Adolescents in New York City" Lancet with encephalitis and meningitis found in patients who died of COVID-19 (2020) June 4) Original title “Early evidence of pronounced brain involvement in fatal COVID-19 outcomes” Lancet Microbe (June 3, 2020) Original title “Seroprevalence of SARS” -CoV-2 in Hong Kong and in residents evacuated from Hubei province, China: a multicohort study” NEJM (June 3, 2020) Original title “A Randomized Trial of Hydroxychloroquine as Postexposure Prophylaxis for Covid-19” ●Is there little hope for convalescent plasma for severe COVID-19 patients? JAMA (June 3, 2020) Original Title: Effect of Convalescent Plasma Therapy on Time to Clinical Improvement in Patients With Severe and Life-threatening COVID-19.

●Are HIV-infected people different from general COVID-19 patients? Lancet HIV (May 28, 2020) Original title "Description of COVID-19 in HIV-infected individuals: a single-centre, prospective cohort" Lancet exploring risk factors for cancer patients with COVID-19 (May 2020 May 28) Original title “Clinical impact of COVID-19 on patients with cancer (CCC19): a cohort study” Possibility of SARS-CoV-2 mutations that cannot be detected by PCR Lancet Infectious Disease (May 28, 2020) Original title "Implication of SARS-CoV-2 evolution in the sensitivity of RT-qPCR diagnostic assays" Case study of SLE patients with COVID-19 Lancet Rheumatorogy (May 26, 2020) Original title "COVID-19 and systemic lupus erythematosus" : a case series” International Journal of Infectious Diseases (May 26, 2020) Original title “Clinical characteristics of critically ill patients co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 and the influenza virus” in Wuhan, China" Features of 20133 UK patients in hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterization Protocol: prospective observational cohort study” ●Cloquine does not help treat COVID-19? Lancet (May 22, 2020) Original title "Hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine with or without a macrolide for treatment of COVID-19: a multinational registry analysis" What information is necessary for clinical trials using anakinra? Lancet Rheumatology (May 2020 May 21) Original title ``Anakinra in COVID-19: important considerations for clinical trials'' A leading hypothesis for why children are less susceptible to COVID-19 JAMA (May 20, 2020) Original title ``Nasal Gene Expression of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme'' 2 in Children and Adults” Lancet Child & Adolescent Health (May 19, 2020) Original title “Septic shock presentation in adolescents with COVID-19” COVID-19 patients Algorithm for anticoagulation therapy Global Health & Medicine (May 15, 2020) "A new challenge of unfractionated heparin anticoagulation treatment for moderate to severe COVID-19 in Japan" Blood clots found in the pulmonary arteries of COVID-19 deaths Ann Intern Med (May 14, 2020) Original title "Pulmonary Arterial Thrombosis in COVID-19 With Fatal Outcome: Results From a Prospective, Single-Center, Clinicopathologic Case Series" Lancet Respiratory Medicine for management of acute kidney injury in patients with COVID-19 (May 14, 2020) Original title “Management of acute kidney injury in patients with COVID-19” Rapid increase in patients with Kawasaki disease in Italy Lancet (May 13, 2020) Original title “An outbreak of severe Kawasaki-like” disease at the Italian epicentre of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: an observational cohort study” SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted from cat to cat NEJM (May 13, 2020) Original title “Transmission of SARS-CoV-2” in Domestic Cats” ● JAMA (May 13, 2020) original title “SARS-CoV-2 Rates in BCG-Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Young Adults” as BCG has no preventive effect against COVID-19 ● Three-drug combination therapy is COVID-19 19. Lancet to hasten the recovery of patients (May 8, 2020) Original title "Triple combination of interferon beta-1b, lopinavir-ritonavir, and ribavirin in the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19: an open-label, randomized Lancet Rheumatology (May 7, 2020) Original title: Interleukin-1 blockade with high-dose anakinra in patients with COVID-19, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and hyperinflammation: a retrospective cohort study Ann Intern Med (May 6, 2020) Autopsy Findings and Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With COVID-19: A Prospective Cohort Study” Anticoagulant therapy reduces mortality in COVID-19 patients? Journal of American College of Caldiology (May 6, 2020) Original title "Association of Treatment Dose Anticoagulation with In-Hospital Survival Among Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19" Antihypertensive drugs do not increase mortality in COVID-19 patients NEJM ( May 1, 2020) Original title “Cardiovascular Disease, Drug Therapy, and Mortality in Covid-19” What kind of treatment did the oncologists in Wuhan perform? Lancet Oncology (May 1, 2020) Original title "Managing patients with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic: frontline experience from Wuhan" ACEI and ARB do not adversely affect COVID-19 NEJM (May 1, 2020) Original title: "Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Blockers and the Risk of Covid-19" Lancet (April 29, 2020) Original title: "Institutional, not home-based, isolation could" contain the COVID-19 outbreak” Do inflammatory diseases affect COVID-19 outcomes? NEJM (April 29, 2020) Original title "Covid-19 in Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases - Case Series from New York" NIH press release (April 29, 2020) Original title "Covid-19 in Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases - Case Series from New York" NIH Clinical Trial Shows Remdesivir Accelerates Recovery from Advanced COVID-19”, etc. Lancet (April 29, 2020) Original title “Remdesivir in adults with severe COVID-19: a randomized, double- blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial" Young COVID-19 patients suffer cerebral infarction due to large vessel occlusion NEJM (April 28, 2020) Original title "Large-Vessel Stroke as a Presenting Feature of Covid-19 in the Young" Are US COVID-19 Patients Different from China? JAMA (April 22, 2020) Original title "Presenting Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes Among 5700 Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in the New York City Area" What is the difference between the SARS and COVID-19 viruses? Lancet Microbe (April 21, 2020) Original title "Comparative tropism, replication kinetics, and cell damage profiling of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV with implications for clinical manifestations, transmissibility,"and laboratory studies of COVID-19: an observational study" Antibody tests are useful for tracking the SARS-CoV-2 infection route Lancet Infectious Disease (April 21, 2020) Original title "Connecting clusters of COVID-19: an epidemiological and serological investigation” Thrombosis and haemostasis (April 19, 2020) Original title “D‐dimer levels on admission to predict in‐hospital mortality in patients with Covid‐19” Social Precautions for elderly people in isolation JAMA Internal Medicine (April 16, 2020) Original title "Meeting the Care Needs of Older Adults Isolated at Home During the COVID-19 Pandemic" Registry of Rheumatoid Patients with COVID-19 Lancet Rheumatology (April 16, 2020) Original title "Rheumatic disease and COVID-19: initial data from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance provider registries" Infectivity is high from 2 to 3 days before the onset of COVID-19Nature Medicine ( April 15, 2020) Original title “Temporal dynamics in viral shedding and transmissibility of COVID-19” Journal of Translational Medicine (April 14, 2020) Original title “Why tocilizumab could be an effective treatment for severe COVID-19?” ● Iceland conducts PCR screening of residents NEJM (April 14, 2020) Original title “Spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the Icelandic Population” ● COVID-19 measures in Taiwan Ann Intern Med (April 13, 2020) Original title "Community Pharmacists in Taiwan at the Frontline Against the Novel Coronavirus Pandemic: Gatekeepers for the Rationing of Personal Protective Equipment" 19 Outcomes of Patients NEJM (April 10, 2020) Original title “Compassionate Use of Remdesivir for Patients with Severe Covid-19” Lancet (April 8, 2020) Original title “First -wave COVID-19 transmissibility and severity in China outside Hubei after control measures, and second-wave scenario planning: a modeling impact assessment” Masks may not prevent transmission of SARS-CoV-2Ann Intern Med (April 2020) March 6) Original title “Effectiveness of Surgical and Cotton Masks in Blocking SARS-CoV-2: A Controlled Comparison in 4 Patients” Characteristics of COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU in Italy JAMA (April 6, 2020) Original title "Baseline Characteristics and Outcomes of 1591 Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 Admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy Region,

Convalescent plasma transfusion is promising for severe COVID-19 patients JAMA (March 27, 2020) Original title "Treatment of 5 Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 With Convalescent Plasma" Long-term care facilities in the United States Cluster report NEJM (March 27, 2020) Original title "Epidemiology of Covid-19 in a Long-Term Care Facility in King County, Washington" High TnT levels in COVID-19 patients suggest poor outcomes JAMA Cardiology (March 2020) March 27) Original title “Cardiovascular Implications of Fatal Outcomes of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)” Mental support for healthcare workers fighting COVID-19 BMJ (March 26, 2020) Original title “Managing mental health challenges faced by healthcare workers during covid-19 pandemic” British COVID-19 remote medical care guide BMJ (March 25, 2020) Original title “Covid-19: a remote assessment in primary care” Wuhan city unlocking simulation Lancet Public Health (March 25, 2020) Original title "The effect of control strategies to reduce social mixing on outcomes of the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan, China: a modeling study" How to treat cancer during the COVID-19 epidemic ? Lancet (March 25, 2020) “The official French guidelines to protect patients with cancer against SARS-CoV-2 infection” Are ACE inhibitors and ARBs harmful to COVID-19 patients? JAMA (March 24, 2020) Original title "COVID-19 and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers What Is the Evidence?" Characteristics of 171 inpatients at Wuhan Children's Hospital NEJM (March 18, 2020) Original title "SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children" NEJM (March 17, 2020) Original title "Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with" SARS-CoV-1” Comparison of CT findings in COVID-19 patients and asymptomatic infected Radiology (March 17, 2020) Original title “Chest CT Findings in Cases from the Cruise Ship “Diamond Princess” with Coronavirus Disease 2019 ( COVID-19)” Lancet to consider immunosuppressive therapy for severe COVID-19 patients (March 16, 2020) Original title “COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression” Initial response report of Italian ICU network JAMA (March 13, 2020) Original title "Critical Care Utilization for the COVID-19 Outbreak in Lombardy, Italy Early Experience and Forecast During an Emergency Response" NEJM progress report of evacuees from Wuhan to Singapore (March 12, 2020) Japan) Original title “SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Travelers Returning from Wuhan, China” Ann Intern Med (March 12, 2020) Original title “Histopathologic Changes and SARS-CoV” -2 Immunostaining in the Lung of a Patient With COVID-19" The deceased patients are elderly and have high SOFA scores and high D-dimer Lancet (March 11, 2020) Original title "Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID- 19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study” ●How do national policies affect COVID-19 measures? Lancet (March 9, 2020) Original title "How will country-based mitigation measures influence the course of the COVID-19 epidemic?" Case report of two cruise ship crew Emerging Infectious Diseases (March 2, 2020) Outline of original title "COVID-19 in 2 Persons with Mild Upper Respiratory Symptoms on a Cruise Ship, Japan" A case report of two cruise ship crew members who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 and showed mild upper respiratory tract infection symptoms. One was a 35-year-old woman working in a restaurant who developed thirst and a mild cough on February 7, had no fever, and had a positive PCR test. rice field. Lung sounds were normal, and blood tests and chest X-rays were normal. Even after the symptoms disappeared, the PCR test was positive several times, and the last positive was 20 days after the onset of symptoms. The other, a 27-year-old man who was in charge of cleaning the kitchen, developed a fever of 38.6°C on February 8. The symptoms improved on the 4th day, but the PCR test was positive on the 5th day, so he was transported to Asahi Central Hospital. After hospitalization, her vital signs returned to normal, and blood tests and chest X-rays were normal. The PCR test remained positive until 21 days after onset. ● Organize COVID-19 information up to the end of February JAMA (February 28, 2020) Original title “COVID-19 New Insights on a Rapidly Changing Epidemic” ● Characteristics of 52 severe COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU Lancet (February 21, 2020) Original title "Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study" The UK sent a testing team to COVID-19 BMJ dispatched to homes of suspected patients (February 14 and 20, 2020) Original title "Coronavirus: home testing pilot launched in London to cut hospital visits and ambulance use", "Coronavirus: Wales tests 90% of suspected patients in their own home" ■ Even asymptomatic patients are likely to be infectious NEJM (February 19, 2020) Original title "SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Upper Respiratory Specimens of Infected Patients" Summary Covid-19 patients in Guangdong, China 18 Viral RNA was measured by PCR from human nasal swab and pharyngeal swab samples. One of them was asymptomatic, but was tested because he was a close contact. The viral load detected in 17 individuals was higher in nasal samples than in pharyngeal samples. On the other hand, the viral load detected in asymptomatic infected people was also at the same level as in symptomatic patients, suggesting that asymptomatic patients are as contagious as patients. ● SARS-CoV-2 may be transmitted by fecal-oral transmission Emerging Microbes & Intections (February 17, 2020) Original title “Molecular and serological investigation of 2019-nCoV infected patients: implication of multiple shedding routes” ● COVID in China - Data analysis of 72,314 19 patients China CDC Weekly (February 17, 2020) Original title "The Epidemiological Characteristics of an Outbreak of 2019 NovelCoronavirus Diseases (COVID-19) - China, 2020" Patients with a history of cancer are at high risk of COVID-19 Lancet Oncology (February 14, 2020) Original title "Cancer patients in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a nationwide analysis in China" CT suggested pneumonia but PCR false-negative case report Radiology (February 12, 2020) Original title "Chest CT for Typical 2019-nCoV Pneumonia: Relationship to Negative RT-PCR Testing" Lancet (February 12, 2020) Original title "Clinical characteristics" and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records” JAMA (February 7, 2020) original title “Clinical Characteristics of 138 patients admitted to a university hospital in Wuhan” 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan,China" ■ Corticosteroid treatment for Covid-19 is not supported Lancet (February 7, 2020) Original title "Clinical evidence does not support corticosteroid treatment for 2019-nCoV lung injury" Corticosteroids were used to treat many patients during the SARS and MERS outbreaks. However, the clinical management guidance for suspected novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) patients released by WHO on 28 January 2020 does not recommend the use of steroids. Steroids have anti-inflammatory effects, but they have been observed to delay clearance of the virus from respiratory secretions, and there is no evidence that the benefits outweigh the harms. ● Pointing out the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 being transmitted through the eyes Lancet (February 6, 2020) Original title “2019-nCoV transmission through the ocular surface must not be ignored” ● The first case report of a new type of pneumonia patient in the United States NEJM (January 31, 2020) Original title “First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in the United States” The number of 2019-nCoV pneumonia patients doubled in 7-4 days NEJM (January 29, 2020) Original title “Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan” , China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia” 2019-nCov epidemic prediction, medRxiv 2nd edition (January 27, 2020) Original title “Novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV: early estimation of epidemiological parameters and epidemic predictions” The most homologous is SARS-like coronavirus NEJM in bats (January 24, 2020) Original title "A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China,"

Introduction to the series